TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of 1-year daily protein supplementation and physical exercise on muscle protein synthesis rate and muscle metabolome in healthy older Danes

T2 - a randomized controlled trial

AU - Bülow, Jacob

AU - Khakimov, Bekzod

AU - Reitelseder, Søren

AU - Bechshøft, Rasmus

AU - Jensen, Mikkel

AU - van Hall, Gerrit

AU - Engelsen, Søren Balling

AU - Holm, Lars

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Background: The skeletal muscle mass decreases with age and the responsiveness of aging muscles’ protein synthesis rate (MPS) to protein intake seems to deteriorate. Objective: This study investigated the impact of 12 months of protein supplementation with or without physical exercise training on the basal and postprandial MPS and the skeletal muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes (> 65 years, 29 females/37 males). Methods: Subjects were randomized to follow one of five intervention groups: (1) carbohydrate, (2) collagen protein, (3) whey protein, (4) home-based light resistance training with whey protein, and (5) center-based heavy-load resistance training with whey protein. Before and after the intervention, a tracer infusion trial was conducted to measure basal and postprandial MPS in response to intake of a cocktail consisting of 20 g whey hydrolysate + 10 g glucose. In addition, the skeletal muscle metabolome was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) at basal state and 4 h after the intake of the cocktail. Results: One year of daily protein or carbohydrate supplementation did not alter the basal and protein-stimulated postprandial muscle protein synthesis rate or the muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes. Basal MPS (%/h) at baseline for all subjects were 0.0034 ± 0,011 (mean ± SD). In contrast to previous studies, no difference was observed in basal MPS between males and females (p = 0.75). With the developed untargeted GC–MS methodology, it was possible to detect and tentatively annotate > 70 metabolites from the human skeletal muscle samples. Conclusion: One year of protein supplementation in comparison to an isocaloric-control supplement seems to affect neither the MPS at basal or postprandial state nor the skeletal muscle metabolome. Clinical trial registry: Number: NCT02115698, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02115698.

AB - Background: The skeletal muscle mass decreases with age and the responsiveness of aging muscles’ protein synthesis rate (MPS) to protein intake seems to deteriorate. Objective: This study investigated the impact of 12 months of protein supplementation with or without physical exercise training on the basal and postprandial MPS and the skeletal muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes (> 65 years, 29 females/37 males). Methods: Subjects were randomized to follow one of five intervention groups: (1) carbohydrate, (2) collagen protein, (3) whey protein, (4) home-based light resistance training with whey protein, and (5) center-based heavy-load resistance training with whey protein. Before and after the intervention, a tracer infusion trial was conducted to measure basal and postprandial MPS in response to intake of a cocktail consisting of 20 g whey hydrolysate + 10 g glucose. In addition, the skeletal muscle metabolome was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) at basal state and 4 h after the intake of the cocktail. Results: One year of daily protein or carbohydrate supplementation did not alter the basal and protein-stimulated postprandial muscle protein synthesis rate or the muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes. Basal MPS (%/h) at baseline for all subjects were 0.0034 ± 0,011 (mean ± SD). In contrast to previous studies, no difference was observed in basal MPS between males and females (p = 0.75). With the developed untargeted GC–MS methodology, it was possible to detect and tentatively annotate > 70 metabolites from the human skeletal muscle samples. Conclusion: One year of protein supplementation in comparison to an isocaloric-control supplement seems to affect neither the MPS at basal or postprandial state nor the skeletal muscle metabolome. Clinical trial registry: Number: NCT02115698, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02115698.

KW - Aging

KW - Healthy aging

KW - Healthy older adults

KW - Muscle metabolome

KW - Protein supplementation

KW - Protein synthesis

KW - Sarcopenia

KW - Training

U2 - 10.1007/s00394-023-03182-0

DO - 10.1007/s00394-023-03182-0

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37266586

AN - SCOPUS:85160852366

VL - 62

SP - 2673

EP - 2685

JO - European Journal of Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Nutrition

SN - 1436-6207

ER -