TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of wet-mix total solids content and heat treatment on physicochemical and techno-functional properties of infant milk formula powders

AU - Arzuaga, Mariana Rodríguez

AU - da Silva, Denise Felix

AU - Xanthakis, Epameinondas

AU - Aalaei, Kataneh

AU - Czaja, Tomasz Pawel

AU - Añón, María Cristina

AU - Abraham, Analía G.

AU - Ahrné, Lilia

N1 - Funding Information: The present study was carried out in the framework of the Platform for Novel Gentle Processing at University of Copenhagen supported by the Dairy Rationalization Fund (DDRF) and Arla Foods . The authors would like to acknowledge Sylvain Barjon for his help with the pilot plant trials and Thomas Janhøj from GEA, for his help with the particle density analyses. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - This paper investigated the effects of heat treatment (75 °C × 18 s and 100 °C × 18 s) and wet-mix total solids level (TS: 50 and 60%, w/w) on the physicochemical and techno-functional properties of model infant milk formula (IMF) powders. IMF produced from wet-mixes with 50% TS preheated at 75 °C (50%-75°C) exhibited the longest wettability time (55 ± 2 s) and the poorest flowability, explained by the small particle size (D [4;3]= 16.5 ± 2.29 μm) and low poured bulk density (0.27 ± 0.02 g/cm3). Larger particles were obtained by increasing both pasteurization temperature and TS. Further, powders from 60% TS wet-mixes showed less particle size uniformity, leading to better packing and higher bulk densities. 50%-75°C powders also showed the lowest onset glass transition temperature, which may affect its storage stability. Wettability time was reduced by increasing TS from 50 to 60% or by increasing pre-heating temperature from 75 to 100 °C. However, as observed by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, the increase in the pasteurization temperature slowed down the global rehydration process. The flowing properties of the powders improved by increasing TS level of the wet-mix. In conclusion, the pre-spray drying wet-mix processing variables, pasteurization temperature and TS level, had a major effect on the physicochemical and functional properties of the IMF powders. It is crucial to understand how variations in the process parameters affect these powder characteristics, due to their functional, technological and economic importance.

AB - This paper investigated the effects of heat treatment (75 °C × 18 s and 100 °C × 18 s) and wet-mix total solids level (TS: 50 and 60%, w/w) on the physicochemical and techno-functional properties of model infant milk formula (IMF) powders. IMF produced from wet-mixes with 50% TS preheated at 75 °C (50%-75°C) exhibited the longest wettability time (55 ± 2 s) and the poorest flowability, explained by the small particle size (D [4;3]= 16.5 ± 2.29 μm) and low poured bulk density (0.27 ± 0.02 g/cm3). Larger particles were obtained by increasing both pasteurization temperature and TS. Further, powders from 60% TS wet-mixes showed less particle size uniformity, leading to better packing and higher bulk densities. 50%-75°C powders also showed the lowest onset glass transition temperature, which may affect its storage stability. Wettability time was reduced by increasing TS from 50 to 60% or by increasing pre-heating temperature from 75 to 100 °C. However, as observed by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, the increase in the pasteurization temperature slowed down the global rehydration process. The flowing properties of the powders improved by increasing TS level of the wet-mix. In conclusion, the pre-spray drying wet-mix processing variables, pasteurization temperature and TS level, had a major effect on the physicochemical and functional properties of the IMF powders. It is crucial to understand how variations in the process parameters affect these powder characteristics, due to their functional, technological and economic importance.

KW - Dry matter

KW - Flowability

KW - Infant formula mix

KW - Particle size

KW - Pasteurization

KW - Rehydration

U2 - 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.05.093

DO - 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.05.093

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85107434365

VL - 390

SP - 473

EP - 481

JO - Powder Technology

JF - Powder Technology

SN - 0032-5910

ER -