TY - ABST

T1 - The origins of herbivory in kyphosids (F. Kyphosidae) and related taxa

AU - Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm

AU - Clements, Kendall

AU - Choat, John Howard

PY - 2013/7

Y1 - 2013/7

N2 - Sea chubs, family Kyphosidae, have a global distribution and are consumers of macroalgae in some temperate and all tropical reef systems. Wedetermined phylogenetic relationships of the ingroup and related outgroup taxa using partial fragments from mitochondrial markers (12s, 16s,cytb, tRNA -Pro, -Phe, -Thr and -Val) and three nuclear markers (rag1, rag2, tmo4c4), in total comprising 5960 bp from 118 individuals. Thebasal taxa in the kyphosid topology, Neoscorpis lithophilus (eastern South Africa to southern Mozambique), Kyphosus cornelii (WesternAustralia) and Hermosilla azurea (southern California to Baja), are all herbivorous, and have a subtropical to temperate distribution. This,together with a sister-group relationship to the temperate, omnivorous scorpidids, implies that the common ancestor of kyphosids washerbivorous or omnivorous, and inhabited the subtropical Indo-Pacific. A chronogram using several outgroup fossil calibrations revealed thatkyphosids originated in the sub-tropical Indo-Pacific during the late Eocene or early Oligocene, and rapidly colonized subtropical seas.Kyphosus originated relatively recently, in the early Miocene. The temperate clade of Kyphosus, represented by the Australasian K. sydneyanusand K. gladius, diverged from the common ancestor of the tropical kyphosids between the late Miocene and the early Pliocene. The tropicalkyphosids diversified on low latitude reefs much more recently in the Pliocene and Pleistocene, when they speciated rapidly and evolved newdietary preferences. Diversification into low latitude reef systems was geographically comprehensive and occurred during a period of markedenvironmental fluctuation in tropical oceans. Herbivory is a basal trait and originated in temperate environments, while zooplanktivory in thetropical, autapomorphic Sectator ocyurus is derived.

AB - Sea chubs, family Kyphosidae, have a global distribution and are consumers of macroalgae in some temperate and all tropical reef systems. Wedetermined phylogenetic relationships of the ingroup and related outgroup taxa using partial fragments from mitochondrial markers (12s, 16s,cytb, tRNA -Pro, -Phe, -Thr and -Val) and three nuclear markers (rag1, rag2, tmo4c4), in total comprising 5960 bp from 118 individuals. Thebasal taxa in the kyphosid topology, Neoscorpis lithophilus (eastern South Africa to southern Mozambique), Kyphosus cornelii (WesternAustralia) and Hermosilla azurea (southern California to Baja), are all herbivorous, and have a subtropical to temperate distribution. This,together with a sister-group relationship to the temperate, omnivorous scorpidids, implies that the common ancestor of kyphosids washerbivorous or omnivorous, and inhabited the subtropical Indo-Pacific. A chronogram using several outgroup fossil calibrations revealed thatkyphosids originated in the sub-tropical Indo-Pacific during the late Eocene or early Oligocene, and rapidly colonized subtropical seas.Kyphosus originated relatively recently, in the early Miocene. The temperate clade of Kyphosus, represented by the Australasian K. sydneyanusand K. gladius, diverged from the common ancestor of the tropical kyphosids between the late Miocene and the early Pliocene. The tropicalkyphosids diversified on low latitude reefs much more recently in the Pliocene and Pleistocene, when they speciated rapidly and evolved newdietary preferences. Diversification into low latitude reef systems was geographically comprehensive and occurred during a period of markedenvironmental fluctuation in tropical oceans. Herbivory is a basal trait and originated in temperate environments, while zooplanktivory in thetropical, autapomorphic Sectator ocyurus is derived.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Taxonomi

KW - Fylogeni

M3 - Conference abstract for conference

ER -