Getting more from pushing less: Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Standard

Getting more from pushing less : Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states. / Zia, R. K.P.; Praestgaard, E. L.; Mouritsen, O. G.

In: American Journal of Physics, Vol. 70, No. 4, 01.12.2002, p. 384-392.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Zia, RKP, Praestgaard, EL & Mouritsen, OG 2002, 'Getting more from pushing less: Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states', American Journal of Physics, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 384-392. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1427088

APA

Zia, R. K. P., Praestgaard, E. L., & Mouritsen, O. G. (2002). Getting more from pushing less: Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states. American Journal of Physics, 70(4), 384-392. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1427088

Vancouver

Zia RKP, Praestgaard EL, Mouritsen OG. Getting more from pushing less: Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states. American Journal of Physics. 2002 Dec 1;70(4):384-392. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1427088

Author

Zia, R. K.P. ; Praestgaard, E. L. ; Mouritsen, O. G. / Getting more from pushing less : Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states. In: American Journal of Physics. 2002 ; Vol. 70, No. 4. pp. 384-392.

Bibtex

@article{f3c869c576334a419353c60fcfb9555d,
title = "Getting more from pushing less: Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states",
abstract = "For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for systems in nonequilibrium stationary states, coupled to more than one energy reservoir, a negative specific heat is entirely possible. We present a minimal system that displays this phenomenon. For a system in contact with two thermal baths at different temperatures, the (internal) energy may increase when a thermostat is turned down. In another context, a similar phenomenon is negative conductivity, where a current may increase by decreasing the drive (for example, an external electric field). The counter-intuitive behavior in both processes may be described as getting more from pushing less. The crucial ingredients for this phenomenon and the elements needed for a minimal system are also presented.",
author = "Zia, {R. K.P.} and Praestgaard, {E. L.} and Mouritsen, {O. G.}",
year = "2002",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1119/1.1427088",
language = "English",
volume = "70",
pages = "384--392",
journal = "American Journal of Physics",
issn = "0002-9505",
publisher = "A I P Publishing LLC",
number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Getting more from pushing less

T2 - Negative specific heat and conductivity in nonequilibrium steady states

AU - Zia, R. K.P.

AU - Praestgaard, E. L.

AU - Mouritsen, O. G.

PY - 2002/12/1

Y1 - 2002/12/1

N2 - For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for systems in nonequilibrium stationary states, coupled to more than one energy reservoir, a negative specific heat is entirely possible. We present a minimal system that displays this phenomenon. For a system in contact with two thermal baths at different temperatures, the (internal) energy may increase when a thermostat is turned down. In another context, a similar phenomenon is negative conductivity, where a current may increase by decreasing the drive (for example, an external electric field). The counter-intuitive behavior in both processes may be described as getting more from pushing less. The crucial ingredients for this phenomenon and the elements needed for a minimal system are also presented.

AB - For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for systems in nonequilibrium stationary states, coupled to more than one energy reservoir, a negative specific heat is entirely possible. We present a minimal system that displays this phenomenon. For a system in contact with two thermal baths at different temperatures, the (internal) energy may increase when a thermostat is turned down. In another context, a similar phenomenon is negative conductivity, where a current may increase by decreasing the drive (for example, an external electric field). The counter-intuitive behavior in both processes may be described as getting more from pushing less. The crucial ingredients for this phenomenon and the elements needed for a minimal system are also presented.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=23044533911&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1119/1.1427088

DO - 10.1119/1.1427088

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:23044533911

VL - 70

SP - 384

EP - 392

JO - American Journal of Physics

JF - American Journal of Physics

SN - 0002-9505

IS - 4

ER -

ID: 230986528