TY - JOUR

T1 - Biomarkers of seaweed intake

AU - Xi, Muyao

AU - Dragsted, Lars Ove

N1 - CURIS 2019 NEXS 269

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Seaweeds are marine macroalgae, some of which are edible. They are rich in specific dietary fibers and also contain other characteristic biological constituents. Biological activities have been investigated mainly in animal studies, while very few results are available from human studies. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) specific to seaweed could play an important role as objective measurements in observational studies and dietary intervention studies. Thus,the health effects of seaweeds can be explored and understood by discovering and applying BFIs.This review summarizes studies to identify candidate BFIs of seaweed intake. These BFIs are evaluated by a structured validation scheme.Hydroxytrifuhalol A, 7-hydroxyeckol, C-O-C dimer of phloroglucinol, diphloroethol, fucophloroethol, dioxinodehydroeckol, and/or their glucuronides or sulfate esters which all belong to the phlorotannins are considered candidate biomarkers for brown seaweed. Fucoxanthinol, the main metabolite of fucoxanthin, is also regarded as a candidate biomarker for brown seaweed. Further validation will be needed due to the very limited number of human studies.Further studies are also needed to identify additional candidate biomarkers, relevant specifically for the red and green seaweeds, for which no candidate biomarkers emerged from the literature search. Reliable BFIs should alsoideally be found for the whole seaweed food group.

AB - Seaweeds are marine macroalgae, some of which are edible. They are rich in specific dietary fibers and also contain other characteristic biological constituents. Biological activities have been investigated mainly in animal studies, while very few results are available from human studies. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) specific to seaweed could play an important role as objective measurements in observational studies and dietary intervention studies. Thus,the health effects of seaweeds can be explored and understood by discovering and applying BFIs.This review summarizes studies to identify candidate BFIs of seaweed intake. These BFIs are evaluated by a structured validation scheme.Hydroxytrifuhalol A, 7-hydroxyeckol, C-O-C dimer of phloroglucinol, diphloroethol, fucophloroethol, dioxinodehydroeckol, and/or their glucuronides or sulfate esters which all belong to the phlorotannins are considered candidate biomarkers for brown seaweed. Fucoxanthinol, the main metabolite of fucoxanthin, is also regarded as a candidate biomarker for brown seaweed. Further validation will be needed due to the very limited number of human studies.Further studies are also needed to identify additional candidate biomarkers, relevant specifically for the red and green seaweeds, for which no candidate biomarkers emerged from the literature search. Reliable BFIs should alsoideally be found for the whole seaweed food group.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Biomarkers of food intake

KW - Food exposure marker

KW - Dietary assessment

KW - Seaweed

KW - Macroalgae

U2 - 10.1186/s12263-019-0648-4

DO - 10.1186/s12263-019-0648-4

M3 - Review

C2 - 31428206

VL - 14

JO - Genes & Nutrition

JF - Genes & Nutrition

SN - 1555-8932

M1 - 24

ER -